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Sanctions Are Hurting North Korea. Can They Make Kim Give In?

April 20, 2018 by  
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‘Maximum Pressure’

The latest rounds of United Nations sanctions have been like no others that North Korea has faced before.

Since September, the United Nations Security Council has banned all key North Korean exports, including coal, iron ore, seafood and textiles. If enforced fully, they could eliminate a full 90 percent of the country’s total exports in dollar terms.

Especially painful was the decision last December to limit the North’s imports of refined petroleum products to half a million barrels a year, a 90 percent reduction from the previous year.

North Korea can still extract 1.2 million barrels of gasoline, diesel and kerosene from the four million barrels of crude oil a year it is allowed to import, mostly from China, said an energy analyst, Lee Jong-heon. But the combined 1.7 million barrels of refined petroleum would be less than half the amount needed to run all of the 280,000 cars in North Korea, much less heat homes and meet other needs, Mr. Lee said.

Experts said the sanctions, and China’s apparent willingness to enforce many of them, had dealt a blow to one of the few bright points in the North Korean economy: trade with China, which had been an eager market for ore and other North Korean natural resources.

“Production has sharply decreased, if not come to a compete halt, in coal, iron, zinc and copper mines,” said Jiro Ishimaru, who runs Asia Press, a Japan-based website that monitors North Korea with the help of informants inside the country. “Many miners don’t report for work because management can’t provide rations or pay wages.”

North Korean exports to China, which account for more than 90 percent of the North’s external trade, plunged by one-third to $1.65 billion last year, with volumes dropping by 60 to 95 percent in recent months. Its official trade deficit against China more than doubled to $1.68 billion last year.

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“Petty traders from the North who used to cross into China in the morning on foot or in small cars and then returned in the evening with auto parts and food to sell on the black market no longer come,” said Wu Qiang, a North Korea expert in China.

The sanctions have also led China and other nations to send home tens of thousands of North Korean workers, cutting off another key source of hard currency for Mr. Kim’s government.

Without foreign currency, North Korea will struggle to finance imports of consumer goods for its people and raw materials for its factories. It will also be unable to import fertilizer in time for the planting season, raising the specter of a return of food shortages, said Jin Qiangyi, director of the Center for North and South Korea Studies at Yanbian University.

Humanitarian aid workers who have recently visited the country warn that food shortages could be exacerbated by the lack of fuel, which could hamper North Korea’s ability to transport grain from areas of surplus to places where there is not enough. Trucks that used to carry goods twice a day now run only once a day on some routes, though some are extending their decks to carry more loads.

Recent visitors also describe shortages of medicine. This was evident last year, when South Korean doctors operated on a North Korean soldier who defected through a hail of bullets. When they examined him, they found his intestines filled with worms.

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Lois Riess, fugitive suspected of killing husband and look-alike, captured after nationwide manhunt

April 20, 2018 by  
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A nationwide manhunt came to an end Thursday night near the Texas-Mexico border after authorities captured 56-year-old Lois Riess, the woman suspected of killing her husband in Minnesota and then her look-a-like in Florida in order to steal her identity, the U.S. Marshals Service confirmed late Thursday.

She was found sipping a drink at the bar inside the Sea Ranch Restaurant in South Padre Island, Tex., appearing “cool as a cucumber” until the marshals arrived to take her into custody without incident, the restaurant’s manager, Becky Galvan, told The Washington Post.

Riess was wanted by federal and local authorities in Florida, where police believe she befriended and killed Pamela Hutchinson, who had the same light blond hair as Riess. Police believe Riess then stole Hutchinson’s car and her identity, and fled to Texas.

Riess is also a person of interest in her husband’s death in Minnesota, according to the Minnesota Bureau of Criminal Apprehension. Authorities said they believe she stole his money to go gambling in Iowa before traveling to Florida.

She was known in the small town of Blooming Prairie, Minn. — population 1,987 — as “Losing Streak Lois” because of her gambling addiction, the U.S. marshals said.

“I promised all along that Lois Riess would end up in a pair of handcuffs,” Undersheriff Carmine Marceno of Lee County, Fla., where Riess is accused of killing Hutchinson, said in a statement. “Tonight, she sits in a jail cell in Texas. We are working as expeditiously as possible to bring her back to Lee County to face murder charges.”

Riess was arrested on warrants for second-degree murder, grand theft, grand theft of a vehicle and criminal use of personal identification.

Riess first came under suspicion in Minnesota after her husband’s business partner in his worm farm operation contacted local authorities to notify them that David Riess had been missing for a couple of weeks, as the Minneapolis Star Tribune reported. When police arrived at the worm farm on March 23, they found him dead. He had suffered several gunshot wounds.

By that time, Lois Riess was long gone.

Investigators believe that on March 23, Riess drove to a bank in Glenville, Minn., and forged her husband’s signature to cash more than $10,000 in stolen checks from him and his business, according to the Minnesota Bureau of Criminal Apprehension. After that, investigators say she spent the day gambling at Diamond Jo Casino in Northwood, Iowa.

She was spotted on surveillance stopping at a Kum Go gas station next to the casino to purchase a sandwich and ask for directions, authorities said.

She was apparently headed to Florida.

That’s where she met and soon befriended 59-year-old Pamela Hutchinson, authorities said.

On April 5, Riess was caught on surveillance video dining with Hutchinson at the Smokin’ Oyster Brewery during happy hour, police said. Other surveillance photographs captured Riess and Hutchinson together at Hutchinson’s Fort Myers Beach condo, where, several days later, on April 9, police said they found Hutchinson dead.

Authorities believe she used the same firearm to kill Hutchinson that she allegedly used to kill her husband.

Inside the condo, Hutchinson’s purse had been emptied. Her identification was missing along with her car.

Police said they believe Riess stole them to assume Hutchinson’s identity, since the two looked alike.

In the days after Hutchinson’s death, her 2005 white Acura with Florida tags was spotted in Louisiana and outside Corpus Christi, Tex., which is a few hours up the coast from South Padre Island.

The U.S. Marshals Service and local Florida and Minnesota authorities all warned that Riess was considered armed and dangerous, urging anyone who spotted her to alert police but stay away from her.

Finally, around 8:30 p.m. Thursday, marshals located her at the Sea Ranch Restaurant.

She didn’t look armed and dangerous, said the restaurant manager Galvan, and she did not appear suspicious. Galvan said she had been sitting there for about an hour and a half, when she got a call from law enforcement notifying her that there was a customer in her restaurant named Lois Riess, whom they were coming to arrest.

“It happened within seconds,” Galvan said. “They came in and they left.”

John Kinsey, a deputy U.S. marshal, told The Washington Post that it was unclear whether Riess was on her way to Mexico. He said she had checked in at a local hotel.

“She paid up for a couple of weeks,” he said.

The marshals found Hutchinson’s car in a nearby parking lot.

More from Morning Mix:

Nanny murder trial: Guilty verdict for caregiver who killed two children with kitchen knife

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